Sample List of Symbols and Their Meanings
In the sample list that follows, note the use of uppercase and lowercase letters in the notation of population (parameter) and sample (statistic), respectively. Be sensitive to population versus sample data and results, and do not confuse the notation.
A list like the one illustrated below may provide a handy reference as you proceed through the course and perhaps help you focus on essential points when you prepare for the exams. Including a cross reference to pages in the text may also be helpful.
|
Symbol/Formula |
|
Meaning/Description |
|
|
|
|
|
x |
|
Observation in a sample |
|
μ (lowercase Greek mu) |
|
Population mean |
|
|
|
Sample mean |
|
σ (lowercase Greek sigma) |
|
Population standard deviation |
|
Σ (uppercase Greek sigma) |
|
Summation |
|
N |
|
Number of items in a population |
|
n |
|
Number of items in a sample |
|
|
|
Formula for sample mean |